The glossary

200 time & pay terms, plainly explained

Every term behind our calculators — hours, overtime, salary, dates, age, time zones, sleep, and payroll compliance — defined and linked to the tool that uses it.

Hours & Time Card

Hours Calculator
An online tool that computes net hours worked by subtracting unpaid lunch breaks from shift clock-in/out times. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Timecard Calculator
A weekly payroll calculation tool designed to tally timesheet hours and estimate gross earnings across multiple days. Time Card →
Work Hours Calculator
A utility for calculating cumulative employee shift duration to ensure compliance with company labor contracts. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Timesheet Calculator
A tool used by managers and freelancers to sum daily billable time entries into total weekly payable units. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Clock In Clock Out
The administrative process of logging exact starting and ending times for an employee's work shift. Time Card →
7-Minute Rule
An FLSA rule where punches within 1–7 minutes round down, and 8–14 minutes round up to the nearest quarter hour. Time Card →
15-Minute Rounding
A payroll policy that rounds timecard punches to the nearest quarter hour (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75). Time Card →
Decimal Hours
Time expressed in base-10 format (e.g., 7 hours 30 minutes = 7.5 decimal hours) required for wage multiplication. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Unpaid Lunch Break
Mandatory or voluntary shift breaks that are deducted from total elapsed hours when computing billable work time. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Overnight Shift
A work shift that begins on one calendar day and concludes on the next, requiring 24-hour adjusted calculation logic. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Split Shift
A daily work schedule divided into two or more separate periods separated by non-working unpaid intervals. Time Card →
Military Time
A 24-hour timekeeping system that eliminates AM/PM ambiguity (e.g., 14:00 instead of 2:00 PM). Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Standard Workweek
The standard 40-hour schedule recognized by national labor regulations, typically divided into five 8-hour days. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Punch Clock
A mechanical or digital device that timestamps employee attendance cards upon arrival and departure. Time Card →
Bi-Weekly Payroll
A payment cycle occurring every two weeks, resulting in 26 paychecks per calendar year. Salary Calculator →
Semi-Monthly Payroll
A payment schedule issuing paychecks twice per month (typically 1st/15th), equaling 24 pay periods annually. Salary Calculator →
Pay Period
The recurring timeframe (weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly) during which employee work hours are recorded. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Elapsed Time
The total measure of real-time duration between a defined start point and end point. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Time Tracking
The systematic monitoring and recording of working hours dedicated to specific tasks, projects, or shifts. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Billable Hours
Working time that can be directly charged to a client or project according to an agreed hourly rate. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →

Overtime & Compensation

Overtime Calculator
An online tool that applies legal premium multipliers to hours worked beyond standard thresholds. Overtime Calculator →
Time and a Half
The standard US statutory overtime rate equal to 1.5 times an employee's regular hourly rate. Overtime Calculator →
Double Time
A premium compensation rate equal to 2.0 times base pay, typically triggered by extended shift lengths or holidays. Overtime Calculator →
FLSA Overtime
Fair Labor Standards Act rules requiring 1.5x pay for covered non-exempt work exceeding 40 hours/week. Overtime Calculator →
California Overtime
State law requiring daily overtime (over 8 hrs/day) and double time (over 12 hrs/day or 8 hrs on 7th day). Overtime Calculator →
Exempt Employee
Workers who are excluded from FLSA minimum wage and overtime protection based on salary and job duties. Overtime Calculator →
Non-Exempt Employee
Employees entitled to earn statutory overtime pay whenever their weekly work hours exceed 40. Overtime Calculator →
Regular Rate of Pay
The true hourly base calculated by including non-discretionary bonuses and commissions into total earnings. Overtime Calculator →
Comp Time
Paid time off granted to public sector employees in lieu of cash payment for overtime worked. Overtime Calculator →
Weighted Average Overtime
The overtime calculation required when an employee works two or more distinct hourly rates in a single week. Overtime Calculator →
Holiday Premium Pay
Special elevated pay rates awarded to employees who perform work duties on official company holidays. Overtime Calculator →
Shift Differential
Extra hourly compensation added to base pay for working less desirable hours (e.g., night or weekend shifts). Overtime Calculator →
Consecutive Days Rule
Regulations mandating premium overtime rates when working 7 consecutive days in a single workweek. Overtime Calculator →
Mandatory Overtime
Employer-required work hours beyond regular shifts, legal under federal guidelines for non-exempt staff. Overtime Calculator →
Overtime Threshold
The exact hours marker (e.g., 8 hours/day or 40 hours/week) after which premium pay rates begin accruing. Overtime Calculator →
Hazard Pay
Additional pay granted to workers performing duties under dangerous or physically demanding conditions. Overtime Calculator →
Back Pay
Retroactive compensation owed to employees due to unpaid overtime, wage errors, or unlawful underpayment. Overtime Calculator →
Piece Rate Overtime
Overtime pay calculated for workers paid per unit produced rather than per hour worked. Overtime Calculator →
On-Call Pay
Wages paid to employees who are required to remain available to report to work on short notice. Overtime Calculator →
Gross Wages
The total amount of employee earnings calculated before tax withholdings and deductions are subtracted. Salary Calculator →

Salary & Hourly Pay

Salary Calculator
An online calculator that converts pay figures between hourly, weekly, monthly, and annual formats. Salary Calculator →
Hourly to Salary
The mathematical conversion of hourly wage into an annual gross salary figure (Hourly Rate × 2,080). Salary Calculator →
Salary to Hourly
The process of finding an equivalent hourly wage by dividing annual salary by 2,080 full-time hours. Salary Calculator →
Gross Pay
Total earnings accrued during a pay period prior to payroll taxes, insurance, or retirement deductions. Salary Calculator →
Net Pay
The actual “take-home” income received by an employee after all required and voluntary withholdings. Paycheck Calculator →
Take Home Pay Calculator
An online tool estimating net earnings after factoring in income taxes, FICA, and personal withholdings. Paycheck Calculator →
$20 an Hour Annual Salary
A standard conversion query evaluating to $41,600 gross annually for a 40-hour workweek. Salary Calculator →
$15 an Hour Annual Salary
A baseline entry-level wage calculation resulting in $31,200 in gross annual full-time compensation. Salary Calculator →
$25 an Hour Annual Salary
An hourly wage benchmark evaluating to $52,000 per year before payroll taxes. Salary Calculator →
$30 an Hour Annual Salary
A wage milestone calculating to $62,400 in gross annual pay on a standard 2,080-hour work schedule. Salary Calculator →
$50k a Year is How Much an Hour
A salary breakdown query evaluating to $24.04 per hour across a full 2,080-hour work year. Salary Calculator →
$100k a Year is How Much an Hour
A high-income wage benchmark evaluating to $48.08 per hour for standard full-time employment. Salary Calculator →
Annual Income
The total sum of money earned by an individual or business entity over the course of a single year. Salary Calculator →
FICA Tax
Federal Insurance Contributions Act taxes consisting of Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%) withholdings. Paycheck Calculator →
Withholding Allowance
Form W-4 exemptions used by employers to determine the amount of tax money deducted from paychecks. Salary Calculator →
Base Pay
The fixed minimum compensation paid to an employee before adding bonuses, overtime, or incentives. Salary Calculator →
Payroll Tax
State and federal taxes imposed on employers and employees calculated as a percentage of gross wages. Paycheck Calculator →
Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA)
An increase in salary designed to counteract the loss of purchasing power caused by economic inflation. Salary Calculator →
Prorated Salary
An adjusted partial salary paid when an employee works only a portion of a standard pay period. Salary Calculator →
Total Compensation
The complete financial package received by an employee, combining base wages, health benefits, and PTO. Salary Calculator →
Paycheck Calculator
An online tool that estimates net take-home pay after federal income tax, Social Security, Medicare, state tax, and pre-tax deductions such as a 401(k). Paycheck Calculator →
Effective Tax Rate
The share of your income actually paid in tax — total tax divided by gross pay. It is lower than your top marginal bracket because income is taxed in progressive tiers. Paycheck Calculator →

Working Days & Date Math

Business Days Calculator
A calendar tool that measures elapsed weekdays (Monday–Friday) while skipping weekends and holidays. Working Days →
Working Days in a Month
The average number of working days per calendar month, typically ranging from 20 to 22 business days. Working Days →
Working Days in a Year
The total count of weekdays in a year (261 days), equaling roughly 250 days after federal holidays. Working Days →
NETWORKDAYS Excel
An Excel spreadsheet formula used to calculate net workdays between two calendar dates. Working Days →
Date Calculator
A general tool designed to add days to a date, subtract dates, or calculate elapsed duration. Date ± Days →
Add Days to Date
The action of projecting a future calendar date by counting forward a specified number of days. Date ± Days →
Subtract Days from Date
The process of finding a historical calendar date by counting backward from a starting point. Date ± Days →
90 Days From Today
A high-volume date addition search used for scheduling quarterly project deadlines or notices. Date ± Days →
45 Business Days
A duration term commonly used in contracts, evaluating to approximately 9 full calendar weeks. Working Days →
Days Between Dates
The precise count of total calendar days occurring between a start date and an end date. Time Between Dates →
Statutory Holiday
Public holidays mandated by legislation that usually require business closure or premium pay. Working Days →
Federal Holidays
Official public holidays recognized by national governments where federal offices and banks close. Working Days →
Calendar Days vs. Business Days
Calendar days include all 7 days of the week; business days exclude Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays. Working Days →
Inclusive Dates
A date range calculation method that counts both the starting day and ending day in total duration. Time Between Dates →
Exclusive Dates
A standard calculation mode that excludes the final date, counting only full 24-hour periods elapsed. Time Between Dates →
Leap Year Adjustment
Adding February 29th (+1 day) to date systems every 4 years to align calendars with solar orbits. Time Between Dates →
Julian Date
A continuous count of days elapsed since the beginning of the Julian Period, or the day of the year (1–366). Day of the Week →
Gregorian Calendar
The standard civil calendar used globally today, consisting of 365 days (366 in leap years) split across 12 months. Day of the Week →
Days in a Year
The calendar unit count evaluating to 365 days in standard years and 366 days in leap years. Time Between Dates →
Weeks in a Year
The total weekly count in a calendar year, evaluating to 52 weeks plus 1 day (52.14 weeks). Time Between Dates →
Days Until / Countdown
The time remaining until a future date, expressed as days, hours, minutes, and seconds; it counts up as “time since” once the date has passed. Countdown →

Age & Chronology

Age Calculator
An online tool that measures chronological age in years, months, weeks, days, hours, and seconds. Age Calculator →
Calculate Age From Date of Birth
The specific mathematical process of subtracting DOB from the current date to determine exact age. Age Calculator →
Chronological Age
The exact measure of time that has elapsed from a person's birth date to a given assessment date. Age Calculator →
How Many Days Old Am I
A search term asking for total lifetime age expressed exclusively in cumulative calendar days. Age Calculator →
Date of Birth (DOB)
The specific calendar month, day, and year on which an individual was born. Age Calculator →
Leap Year Birthday
Birthdays occurring on February 29th, typically celebrated on Feb 28th or March 1st in non-leap years. Age Calculator →
Age in Months
Total age expressed purely in months, commonly used in pediatric health and child development. Age Calculator →
Age Difference Calculator
A tool designed to calculate the exact age gap in years, months, and days between two people. Age Calculator →
Age on a Specific Date
Determining an individual's historical or future age at a milestone date other than today. Age Calculator →
Half Birthday
The calendar date occurring exactly 6 months before or after a person's actual date of birth. Age Calculator →
Corrected Age
An adjusted developmental age used for premature infants based on their original expected due date. Age Calculator →
Gestational Age
The measure of age in weeks during pregnancy calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period. Age Calculator →
Epoch Time
A system for tracking time expressed as total seconds elapsed since January 1, 1970 (Unix Epoch). Age Calculator →
Birth Year Calculator
A reverse calculation tool finding the year of birth based on current age and birthday status. Age Calculator →
Next Birthday Countdown
A real-time timer tracking exact remaining months, days, hours, and minutes until an upcoming birthday. Age Calculator →
Zodiac Sign Calculator
A tool determining astrological signs based on exact birth month and day coordinates.
Life Expectancy Calculator
A statistical tool estimating remaining lifespan based on age, lifestyle, and demographic data.
Biological Age vs Chronological Age
Biological age measures cellular health; chronological age measures actual elapsed calendar years. Age Calculator →
Age Eligibility
Legal or administrative minimum age verification required for voting, retirement, or licenses. Age Calculator →
Age in Hours
A mathematical conversion multiplying total lifetime days by 24 hours. Age Calculator →

Time Math & Duration

Time Adder
A calculator designed to sum multiple durations formatted in hours, minutes, and seconds. Time Adder →
Time Calculator
A mathematical utility that performs addition, subtraction, and conversions across time units. Time Adder →
Add Hours and Minutes
The operation of summing time strings while carrying over every 60 accumulated minutes into +1 hour. Time Adder →
HH:MM:SS Format
The standard digital representation of time showing Hours, Minutes, and Seconds separated by colons. Time Adder →
Minutes to Hours
Converting raw minutes into standard hour fractions by dividing the minute total by 60. Time Adder →
Seconds to Minutes
The unit conversion of dividing total seconds by 60 to obtain minute values. Time Adder →
Minutes in a Day
The daily minute total evaluating to 1,440 minutes in a standard 24-hour calendar day. Time Adder →
Seconds in a Day
The constant daily duration value evaluating to 86,400 seconds. Time Adder →
Hours in a Year
The annual hours constant equal to 8,760 hours in standard years and 8,784 in leap years. Time Adder →
Time Duration
The continuous amount of time that elapses between the beginning and completion of an event. Time Adder →
Time Subtraction
Subtracting an earlier timestamp from a later timestamp to determine net time elapsed. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Sum Time in Excel
Adding time cells using =SUM() with [h]:mm formatting to display totals over 24 hours. Time Adder →
Base-60 (Sexagesimal) System
The mathematical numeral system with sixty as its base, used globally for measuring time and angles. Time Adder →
Decimal Time Conversion
Dividing clock minutes by 60 to convert standard time into base-10 numerical decimals. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Time Conversion Table
A quick-reference chart mapping minutes (1–59) directly to their two-digit decimal hour equivalents. Weekly Timesheet Calculator →
Time Interval
The distinct, measurable space of time occurring between two specific events or moments. Time Adder →
Centihour
A unit equal to one-hundredth of an hour (36 seconds), frequently used in industrial time studies. Time Adder →
Millisecond
A unit of time equal to one-thousandth of a second (1/1,000s), used in high-precision digital logging.
Microsecond
A unit of time equal to one-millionth of a second (1/1,000,000s).
Nanosecond
A unit of time equal to one-billionth of a second (1/1,000,000,000s).

Time Zone & World Clock

Time Zone Converter
An interactive tool used to convert local clock times seamlessly across global geographical regions. Time Zone Converter →
UTC Time Now
A real-time query for Coordinated Universal Time, the worldwide primary time standard basis. Time Zone Converter →
PST to EST
Converting Pacific Standard Time (UTC-8) to Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5) by adding 3 hours. Time Zone Converter →
UTC to IST
Converting Coordinated Universal Time to India Standard Time by adding 5 hours and 30 minutes. Time Zone Converter →
EST to PST
Converting Eastern Standard Time to Pacific Standard Time by subtracting 3 hours. Time Zone Converter →
CST to EST
Converting Central Standard Time (UTC-6) to Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5) by adding 1 hour. Time Zone Converter →
EST to GMT
Converting US Eastern Standard Time to Greenwich Mean Time by adding 5 hours. Time Zone Converter →
GMT vs UTC
UTC is an atomic time standard; GMT is a physical time zone, though both share the UTC+0 baseline offset. Time Zone Converter →
Daylight Saving Time (DST)
The practice of advancing clocks forward 1 hour in spring to extend evening daylight, and back in autumn. Time Zone Converter →
UTC Offset
The difference in hours and minutes from Coordinated Universal Time (e.g., UTC-5 or UTC+5:30). Time Zone Converter →
International Date Line
An internationally agreed line on Earth's surface (~180° meridian) where calendar dates advance or retreat by 1 day. Time Zone Converter →
Greenwich Meridian
The prime meridian (0° longitude) located at the Royal Observatory Greenwich, serving as geographic zero-time. Time Zone Converter →
Fractional Time Zones
Regions offsetting by 30 or 45 minutes from UTC instead of whole hours (e.g., India, Nepal, South Australia). Time Zone Converter →
Pacific Standard Time (PST)
The North American West Coast standard time zone operating at UTC-8 offset during winter. Time Zone Converter →
Eastern Standard Time (EST)
The North American East Coast time zone operating at UTC-5 offset during standard winter months. Time Zone Converter →
Central Standard Time (CST)
The North American central region time zone operating at UTC-6 offset during standard hours. Time Zone Converter →
Mountain Standard Time (MST)
The North American mountain region time zone operating at UTC-7 offset. Time Zone Converter →
British Summer Time (BST)
The UK daylight-saving zone operating at UTC+1 from late March to late October. Time Zone Converter →
World Clock
A display showing synchronized local current time across major cities globally. Time Zone Converter →
Time Zone Map
A geographic map illustrating world political boundaries colored by assigned UTC time offset. Time Zone Converter →

Sleep & Health Metrics

Sleep Calculator
A health tool that schedules optimal bedtimes and wake times based on 90-minute sleep cycles. Sleep Calculator →
Sleep Cycle
An oscillating pattern of sleep lasting roughly 90 minutes, progressing through NREM and REM stages. Sleep Calculator →
Sleep Inertia
The groggy, disoriented sensation experienced when abruptly woken in the middle of a deep sleep stage. Sleep Calculator →
REM Sleep
Rapid Eye Movement sleep characterized by vivid dreaming, high brain activity, and muscle paralysis. Sleep Calculator →
NREM Sleep
Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep consisting of Stage 1 (light), Stage 2, and Stage 3 (deep slow-wave sleep). Sleep Calculator →
Sleep Latency
The length of time it takes an individual to transition from full wakefulness to sleep (average: 10–20 min). Sleep Calculator →
Sleep Debt
The cumulative effect of not getting enough sleep over a series of days, creating a recovery deficit.
Circadian Rhythm
The internal 24-hour biological clock regulating sleep-wake cycles, hormone release, and body temperature. Sleep Calculator →
Best Time to Sleep
Calculating optimal bedtimes based on target wake-up times to avoid interrupting deep sleep. Sleep Calculator →
Power Nap Duration
A brief daytime sleep lasting 10 to 20 minutes designed to boost alertness without causing sleep inertia. Sleep Calculator →
Caffeine Half-Life
The time required for body caffeine levels to reduce by 50% (~5 hours), affecting bedtime planning. Sleep Calculator →
Melatonin Release
The pineal gland hormone triggered by darkness that signals the body to prepare for sleep.
Light Sleep
Stage 1 and 2 NREM sleep where heart rate slows and muscles relax, acting as a bridge to deep sleep. Sleep Calculator →
Deep Sleep (Slow-Wave)
Stage 3 NREM sleep vital for physical recovery, tissue repair, immune strength, and muscle growth. Sleep Calculator →
Chronotype
An individual's natural inclination to sleep at a certain time (e.g., morning lark vs. night owl). Sleep Calculator →
Polysomnography
A comprehensive multi-parametric sleep study medical test used to diagnose sleep disorders.
Sleep Hygiene
Behavioral and environmental practices optimized to promote consistent, uninterrupted nighttime sleep.
Sleep Apnea
A medical disorder characterized by repeated pauses in breathing during sleep cycles.
Insomnia
A common sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling or staying asleep.
8 Hours of Sleep Myth
The misconception that everyone requires 8 hours; sleep quality depends on completing 5–6 full 90-min cycles. Sleep Calculator →

Calendar & Day-of-Week

Day of the Week Calculator
A tool determining the day of the week (Mon–Sun) for any past, present, or future calendar date. Day of the Week →
What Day Was I Born
A search query determining the exact day of the week associated with an individual's birth date. Day of the Week →
ISO Week Number
An international standard (ISO 8601) numbering weeks 1 through 52/53, beginning on Monday. Day of the Week →
Day of the Year (1–366)
The ordinal day number representing chronological progress through a calendar year (e.g., Feb 1 = Day 32). Day of the Week →
Zeller's Congruence
An algorithm created by Christian Zeller to calculate the day of the week for any Gregorian calendar date. Day of the Week →
Leap Year Rule
Years divisible by 4 are leap years, except century years unless also divisible by 400. Day of the Week →
Perpetual Calendar
A calendar valid for many years designed to look up the day of the week for any given date. Day of the Week →
Solar Calendar
A calendar system whose dates indicate the position of Earth in its revolution around the Sun.
Lunar Calendar
A calendar based upon monthly cycles of the Moon's phases (e.g., Islamic or Hebrew calendars).
Equinox
The time of year when day and night are of approximately equal length (Vernal in March, Autumnal in Sept).
Solstice
The calendar days when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point (Summer Solstice / Winter Solstice).
First Day of the Week
Sunday in US/Canada standard conventions; Monday according to international ISO standards. Day of the Week →
Weekend Days
Non-working days traditionally including Saturday and Sunday in Western business standard practices. Working Days →
Fortnight
A unit of time equal to 14 consecutive days (2 full calendar weeks). Date ± Days →
Quarter (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
A 3-month financial period: Q1 (Jan–Mar), Q2 (Apr–Jun), Q3 (Jul–Sep), Q4 (Oct–Dec).
Bimonthly
An event occurring either once every two months or twice in a single month.
Biweekly
An event occurring every two weeks (26 times per year).
Semi-Annual
An event occurring twice per year, spaced six months apart.
Centennial
A 100th anniversary or a time period extending across a full century.
Millennium
A period of time equal to 1,000 calendar years.

Payroll & Labor Compliance

FLSA Compliance
Adherence to Fair Labor Standards Act provisions governing federal minimum wage, overtime, and child labor. Overtime Calculator →
Wage and Hour Division
The Department of Labor (DOL) agency responsible for enforcing federal labor laws. Overtime Calculator →
Buddy Punching
The fraudulent practice where one employee clocks in or out on behalf of another absent coworker. Time Card →
Timecard Fraud
Falsification of timesheet hours worked to collect unearned compensation from an employer. Time Card →
De Minimis Time
Minor, insubstantial periods of time outside scheduled hours that are too brief to precisely track for payroll. Time Card →
Portal-to-Portal Act
US amendment clarifying that employers need not pay for preliminary or postliminary commute travel time.
Exempt Salary Threshold
The minimum federal salary level required to classify an employee as exempt from overtime. Overtime Calculator →
Garnishment
A legal procedure requiring an employer to withhold earnings from a paycheck to settle an employee debt. Salary Calculator →
Form W-2
The annual US tax form detailing an employee's total gross wages and federal/state tax withholdings. Salary Calculator →
Form 1099
The tax form used to report non-employee compensation paid to independent contractors and freelancers. Salary Calculator →
Direct Deposit
The electronic transfer of net paycheck funds directly into an employee's personal bank account. Salary Calculator →
Pay Stub
A document provided to an employee showing itemized gross pay, taxes, deductions, and net pay. Salary Calculator →
Paid Time Off (PTO)
A bank of compensated hours combining vacation days, sick leave, and personal time. PTO Accrual →
PTO Accrual Rate
The math formula determining how many paid time off hours an employee earns per hour worked. PTO Accrual →
PTO Payout
Lump-sum compensation paid to an employee for accrued unused vacation days upon employment termination. PTO Accrual →
FMLA Leave
Family and Medical Leave Act providing up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year.
Workers Compensation
Mandatory insurance providing replacement wages and medical benefits to employees injured on the job.
Unemployment Benefits
State-administered financial payments provided to eligible workers who lost jobs through no fault of their own.
Minimum Wage
The lowest hourly remuneration that employers are legally permitted to pay to covered workers. Salary Calculator →
Tip Credit
An allowance permitting employers to pay tipped employees less than direct minimum wage if tips bridge the gap. Salary Calculator →
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Sources & standards

Where these definitions come from

Definitions involving law, tax, or measurement standards are based on the official authorities below. This information is provided for general reference only and is not legal, financial, or medical advice.