All 50 states + DC · Last verified October 26, 2026 · How we verify

Break laws by state

Which states require lunch breaks and paid rest breaks for adult hourly workers, taken from each state's official source.

Federal law does not require meal or rest breaks. 21 states require a meal break for at least some adult workers, and 8 require paid rest breaks. Everywhere, short breaks of about 5 to 20 minutes that an employer gives must be paid.

Meal and rest break laws in every state

StateMeal breakRest breaksOvertime
AlabamaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
AlaskaNone requiredNone requiredDaily + weekly
ArizonaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
ArkansasNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
CaliforniaA 30-minute unpaid meal break for shifts over 5 hours, and a second one over 10 hoursA paid 10-minute rest break for every 4 hoursDaily + weekly
ColoradoA 30-minute duty-free meal break for shifts over 5 hoursA paid 10-minute rest break for every 4 hoursDaily + weekly
ConnecticutA 30-minute meal break for 7.5 or more consecutive hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
DelawareA 30-minute meal break for 7.5 or more consecutive hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
District of ColumbiaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
FloridaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
GeorgiaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
HawaiiNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
IdahoNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
IllinoisA 20-minute meal break for shifts of 7.5 hours or moreNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
IndianaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
IowaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
KansasNone requiredNone required46 h/week (state law, if not federally covered)
KentuckyA reasonable lunch period, starting between the 3rd and 5th hour of the shiftA paid 10-minute rest break in each 4 hoursWeekly, 40 h
LouisianaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MaineA 30-minute break after 6 consecutive hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MarylandMeal breaks only in large retail stores (15 minutes for 4 to 6 hours, 30 minutes over 6)None requiredWeekly, 40 h
MassachusettsA 30-minute meal break for more than 6 hours of workNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MichiganNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MinnesotaA 30-minute meal break for 6 or more consecutive hoursA paid 15-minute rest break in each 4 consecutive hours48 h/week (state law)
MississippiNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MissouriNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
MontanaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
NebraskaA 30-minute lunch break only in assembling plants, workshops and mechanical establishmentsNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
NevadaA 30-minute meal break for 8 continuous hours of workA paid 10-minute rest break for every 4 hoursDaily + weekly
New HampshireA 30-minute meal break after 5 consecutive hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
New JerseyNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
New MexicoNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
New YorkA 30-minute lunch for shifts over 6 hours that cover 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.None requiredWeekly, 40 h
North CarolinaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
North DakotaA 30-minute meal break for shifts over 5 hours when two or more employees are on dutyNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
OhioNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
OklahomaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
OregonA 30-minute unpaid meal break for 6 or more hoursA paid 10-minute rest break for every 4 hoursWeekly, 40 h
PennsylvaniaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
Rhode IslandA 20-minute meal break in a 6-hour shift and 30 minutes in an 8-hour shiftNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
South CarolinaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
South DakotaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
TennesseeA 30-minute meal break for 6 consecutive scheduled hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
TexasNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
UtahNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
VermontReasonable chances to eat and use the restroom, with no fixed lengthReasonable opportunities to restWeekly, 40 h
VirginiaNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
WashingtonA 30-minute meal break, with no more than 5 hours of work without oneA paid 10-minute rest break for every 4 hoursWeekly, 40 h
West VirginiaA 20-minute meal break for workdays of 6 or more hoursNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
WisconsinNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h
WyomingNone requiredNone requiredWeekly, 40 h

Adult, non-exempt private-sector workers. Rules for minors, public employees and some industries differ. General reference, not legal advice.

States that require meal breaks

California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia.

States that require paid rest breaks

California, Colorado, Kentucky, Minnesota, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont, Washington.

States with meal-break rules for minors

These 33 states have a separate meal-period rule for workers under 18, on top of any adult rule; when both apply, the employer must follow the higher standard: Alabama, Alaska, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin. Each state page also shows its hour and night-work limits for teens.

Federal break law

Federal law does not require meal or rest breaks. Short breaks (about 5 to 20 minutes) that an employer gives count as paid work time; meal periods of 30 minutes or more can be unpaid if the employee is completely relieved of duty. Federal law also does not require extra pay for weekends or holidays as such; only hours over 40 in a workweek earn overtime. If your employer deducts short breaks from your pay, or you work through an unpaid lunch, that is unpaid work time you can report to the U.S. Department of Labor's Wage and Hour Division at 1-866-487-9243.

“Rest periods of short duration, running from 5 minutes to about 20 minutes, are common in industry”— 29 CFR 785.18-785.19 (rest and meal periods)

Breaks to pump breast milk (all states)

Federal law gives most nursing employees reasonable break time to pump, each time they need to, for one year after the child's birth, and a private place that is not a bathroom. Pump breaks can be unpaid only if you are completely relieved of duty; if your employer already gives paid breaks and you use them to pump, they stay paid. Employers with fewer than 50 employees can be excused only if complying would cause undue hardship. State law can give more protection.

“An employer may not deny a covered employee a needed break to pump.”

Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor, Fact Sheet #73: FLSA Protections for Employees to Pump Breast Milk at Work

To check a week of hours with your state's overtime rules and break warnings, use the time card calculator or the weekly timesheet and pick your state.

Questions, answered

Break laws: common questions.

21 states require a meal break for at least some adult workers: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Nevada, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia. In Maryland and Nebraska the rule covers only certain workplaces.
8 states: California, Colorado, Kentucky, Minnesota, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont, Washington. Most require a paid 10-minute break for every 4 hours worked; Minnesota requires 15 minutes; Vermont sets no fixed length.
No. The Fair Labor Standards Act does not require meal or rest breaks. If an employer gives short breaks of about 5 to 20 minutes, they count as paid work time. Meal periods of 30 minutes or more can be unpaid if the worker is completely relieved of duty.
Alaska, California, Colorado and Nevada. California also requires double time after 12 hours in a day. Nevada's daily overtime applies only to workers earning less than $18.00 an hour.
Sources

Where these rules come from

Each state page links the state agency or statute it is based on. Where a state has no break law, the U.S. Department of Labor's state tables are the source. Every state's rules were last verified on or after October 26, 2026. How we verify.

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